Kerala's traditional gold jewellery is unlike any other in India - understated yet richly symbolic, with designs passed down through generations. Whether you're a bride building your trousseau or simply love heritage pieces, this guide explains the most iconic Kerala jewellery designs and what each one means.
The most iconic Kerala jewellery designs
Palakka Mala
The jewel identity of Kerala. The Palakka Mala features leaf-shaped pendants set with deep green (and sometimes red) stones on gold. Each palakka (leaf) represents prosperity, fertility and nature's bounty - making it a centrepiece of Kerala Hindu bridal jewellery.
Nagapadam (Nagapada Thali)
Shaped like the hood of a cobra (naga), the Nagapadam carries the same green or red stone inlay as the Palakka Mala. The serpent is a sacred symbol of protection and fertility in Kerala tradition.
Kasu Mala
A necklace of overlapping gold coins (kasu) stamped with the goddess Lakshmi. A symbol of prosperity and power, it holds pride of place in a Kerala bride's collection.
Manga Mala (Mango Necklace)
Built from paisley-shaped manga (mango) motifs, traditionally accented with green stones. The mango represents abundance and is one of the most graceful long necklaces.
Mullamottu Mala
Mullamottu means "jasmine bud" in Malayalam. This delicate necklace is shaped like a garland of jasmine buds and is often worn as a middle or final layer in bridal sets.
Other treasured pieces
- Karimani Mala: black-bead and gold chain, also worn as a mangalsutra.
- Elakkathali: a broad, choker-style necklace.
- Poothali: a circular pendant necklace symbolising auspiciousness.
- Jhimki (Kunukku): the classic Kerala bell-shaped earrings.
- Oddiyanam: the gold waist belt worn over a silk saree.
Kerala Hindu vs Christian bridal jewellery
Kerala Hindu brides typically wear Palakka Mala, Nagapadam, Kasu Mala and Manga Mala in layers. Kerala Christian (Nasrani) brides traditionally wear the Mullamottu Mala, Kunukku (Jhimki) earrings, Nethipattam and a Mekkamothiram, paired with the kasavu wedding saree.
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